Home hope Daniel Ricciardo had an underwhelming debut with Renault, clocking only the 17th fastest time.
His team mate Nico Hulkenberg was left confined to the garage for most of the session as engineers worked on an electrical problem, but the German later emerged to clock the 10th fastest lap.
With half an hour left in the session, Williams rookie George Russell came to a halt at the front of pit-lane and needed to be rolled back to the garage.
British-born Thai debutant Alexander Albon also had a tough start, spinning his Toro Rosso at turn two and having a low-impact crash to lose his front wing and cause a brief halt in the session.
Pole Robert Kubica, returning to Formula One after an absence of more than eight years, ran into the grass, but was otherwise unscathed and ended up posting the 19th fastest lap for Williams.