Video footage from the ministry showed bones, craniums and other body parts found at the site.
Neanderthals, the closest ancient relatives of humans, died out about 40,000 years ago. It is unclear what killed them off, though theories include an inability to adapt to climate change and increased competition from modern humans.
Taking into account other remains found previously at the same site, there are in total 11 individuals present in Grotta Guattari, which is “confirmed as one of the most significant places in the world for the history of Neanderthal man,” the ministry said.
“They are all adult individuals, except for one who may have been in his early teens,” Francesco Di Mario, head of the Grotta Guattari excavation, said in the statement.
Animal remains have also been found, including the aurochs, a large extinct bovine.